A-2+To+describe+the+economic,+political,+and+social+impact+of+World+War+I+on+postwarEurope

=2. To describe the economic, political, and social impact of World War I on postwar= =Europe.= The Palace of Vesailles where the League Of Nations meetings took place.

__Political Impacts of the Great War__
What were the restrictions placed in the Treaty of Versailles that could lead to future conflicts?

- Britain and France showed little openness for Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen points. All countries wanted restrictions on Germany's war- making power. A compromise was finally reached after many heated arguments. The Treaty of Versailles between the allied forces and Germany was signed June 28, 1919, this was exactly five years after Franz Ferdinand was assassinated, the so called cause of the war. This treaty punished Germany and said the caused the war. Germany had to give back land and had land taken from them. Also, strict military restrictions were put in place to make sure no other war broke out. But once again Germany was punished by having land taken from them again, their territories in Africa and the Pacific were taken away as a result of the Treaty of Versailles. This could lead to future conflicts because Germany felt they were being treated unfairly, which they were.

Which nations felt particularly upset with the decisions made at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919? What were their complaints?

-The Paris Peace Conference of 1919 was a very bitter debate between 32 countries of the world. There were many complaints in this Conference, specifically Germany. Most of the blame was put on Germany war the cause of the war. Germany felt this was unfair because the shooting of Franz Ferdinand was the start of the war, which Germany was not a part. France and Britain were also uneasy about the Fourteen Points that Woodrow Wilson and the United States brought up. The French and British were concerned with national security so they complained about Germany and their military power. This caused Germany to take the claim war the total of World War I.

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What was the League of Nations?

-The product of a bitter debate among the Allies and excluding Germany and the other Central Powers, it inflected many open wounds of the countries involved. The League of Nations was an group with seats for all nations. The League of Nations sought to keep every country protected from war, and kept all countries from conflict with each other which led to war. The League of Nations formed 26 articles to keep countries safe. These articles centered around Wilson's Fourteen Points. The League of Nations was the follow up of the United Nations. The purpose for its establishment was to maintain peace. Members agreed not to go to war and to tell the World Court arbitration if any conflict arose.

The Great Four Woodrow Wilson, David George, Vittorio Orlando and Georges Clemenceau.

Why was the League of Nations so weak?

- The League of Nations was an organization to attempt to maintain and enforce peace in the world after World War I. The League was never very effective and was not able to hold off or stop the world's major powers from inflicting harm. This was in large part due to that America, and other world powers to be, had never joined the League of Nations. This made it so that the League was just not strong enough to thoroughly enforce peace in the world. The reason for this was that the League could not decide quickly and correctly on matters at hand. Also, they were not enough of a power to defend other countries from large countries. This was greatly exhibited in 1935 when Italy attacked Ethiopia and received no punishment as a consequence.



__New Roles and Rights for Women__
What were the new roles and rights of women?

- World War I was the first war to become a total war. With being a total war, it required everyone's attention and focus in the country. This meant that the government was completely set on war efforts to boost any advantage they could have on the battlefield. This included goods that could be used for war, food rations, weapon production, and a new addition to majorly affect wars, women. Women in this war gained roles and rights never seen before for them. The biggest change in roles that they obtained were that of replacing men in theirs. Women were expected to produce weaponry of many kinds and run towns in most aspects. Also, they aided their troops first-hand by giving them supplies and being nurses to help heal the wounded. From this, women gained rights due to their newfound roles in life throughout the war and it also changed the way they were viewed from being kept at lower roles to being capable of taking on tasks more likely known to be taken out by a man. So after the war since the expanded role of women arose, they would soon gain the right to vote.

==__**Impact of WWI**__==

What was the impact of World War I on Literature and people's beliefs on old ideas?

- War I had great impacts on aspects of life. With literature, World War I affected literature by people expressing fear and despair from the war in their literature. As a result of this, literature contained a great amount of these depressing feelings. Also, people had given up on the ideas of romanticism from the harsh reality of the war. Instead, they had picked up on an extreme realism that portrayed life from the bitterness of war. Another way people's beliefs on old ideas changed from only accepting Victorian style writing, to becoming more like the Europeans. Writers were becoming unsettled from only using this style, because they had wanted a more cosmopolitan culture for their writing, which would then influence their literature to make it more like Europe's. This is how World War I affected people's beliefs on old ideas to make America's literature a more modern style.

Who was Nietzsche and his emphasis on ancient heroic value? What was the name of the philosophy that rejects universal values?

-Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900) was a german philosopher and poet best known for his book //Thus Spoke Zarathustra//. He theorized that there were two moral codes: that of the ruling class (master morality) and that of the oppressed (slave morality). The ancient empires grew from a master morality, and the religions of the day out of the slave morality (which denigrates the rich and powerful, rationalism, and sexuality).Nietzsche denoted the church because its values came from the workers (slaves) resentment of the rich and powerful (masters). He believed in the values that came from a self-confident, commanding attitude. He developed the idea of "overman" (superman) which symbolized man at his most creative and highest intellectual capacity and had all the qualities that Nietzsche spoke of. In his earlier works, Nietzche spoke about the great health of the ancient greeks. He attributed this to the society's "agon" (Competition, which Nietzche refered to as "Homers Contest")(Wicks). Another underling message in T//hus Spoke Zarathustra// was the "primal will of becoming." In his book, the Overman is able to overcome all resentment to life and is able to redeem himself. He willed himself "to return eternally in the great cycle of becoming." He said the "sacred yes" to the Dionysian world of becoming and the individuals self's participation in that world. These philosophies, that reject universal values, is called Nietzscheanism.(//caae.phil.cmu.edu// )

What 3 core beliefs of Nietzsche could be used for extreme nationalism?

The Fascist movement used some of Nietzsche's Ideas. They took his ideas of overman and twisted them into a perfect race. Then they found a religious group to believe inferior, the Jews. The Nazis took this to the extreme, and started a genocide of their precieved weak, in order to rid their country of an inferior race, so that it can prosper. Another belief that could be used for extreme nationalism is Nietzsche's reason why the ancients had such good health. A country could use this idea of "agon", to create a survival of the fittest situation in the country, in order for the strongest people to overcome the weak. Also, countries may want to have the power of the ancient empire and try to rule over the weak, so that the strong prevail. (//Remember.org//)

__**Art**__ [[image:250px-Braque.woman.400pix.jpg width="116" height="195"]]

 * The results of war had significant impacts on art. Works of art symbolized the feelings and thoughts of the common people. Propaganda in art was used to justify the war to the common people a **** nd to keep p **** eoples hopes up in works such as poster **** s. Many new arts movements were created. One arts movement was Surrealism. Surrealism as we know today is closely related to abstract art. ** Surrealism incorporated the concept of the unconscious mind ** . Another form of art emerging after the war was Cubism. Famous Cubist artists include the infamous **** Pablo Picasso and others. In cubism the thing or something the artist is drawing is broken up and then reassembled in abstract form. ** The Cubist style emphasized the flat, two-dimensional surface of the picture plane, rejecting the traditional techniques of perspective Many Cubist artists painted death and fighting resembling the war.

__**Music**__
Through the harshness of war, music helped to ease suffering. One of these styles was Jazz. During this time ragtime Jazz was most popular. This upbeat Jazz music resembled the freedom of the New age. Jazz originated in the south near New Orleans and quickly spread across the Americas. A reason it became extremely popular was because of a new invention, the radio. Technology helped to spread Jazz throughout the United States. Jazz entered Europe with the "Hellfighters", an all African American regiment that captured the hearts of many with their upbeat Jazz music. While fighting on many fronts the hellfighters brought their music and soul everywhere.

**__Worldwide Depression Post war Europe- Unstable new Democracies__**
After World War I, most European nations had what type of government, if only temporarily?

- World War I had an enormous impact on governments, especially in the continent of Europe. There were major differences from previously desired governmental systems to the ones that arose after World War I. One of them was that of people beginning to want a more socialitstic government. This happened in a few countries but not compared to the drastic change of countries obtaining a republic government. Before World War I, Europe contained more countries by far that had Monarchies to run there country than any other form of government. Following the war, the idea of a Republic became more popular and surpassed Monarchies in ho many countries used it. There were 14 Republics in Europe and then 13 Monarchies. In a Republic, the supreme power of the government rests with the people to elect others to represent them in political powers. The reason being for this swing in popularity of Republics was because Monarhies had shown tremendous flaws and weaknesses with politics, decision making, and warfare. Therefore people wanted a Republic for a better way of life.

__**Works Cited**__

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